Question

Wings of pigeon, bat and mosquito shows
A. Atavism
B. Convergent evolution
C. Divergent evolution
D. Mutation

Answer 1

Hint: Anatomy and morphology shows similarities and differences among some organisms. Such types of similarities can be interpreted to understand whether common ancestors were shared or not.
For example: Bats, cheetah, whales and human beings share similar patterns of bones of forelimbs but their forelimbs perform different functions in them.

Complete answer:
• Wings of pigeon, bat and mosquito perform similar functions of flying.
• So, in these organisms they have the same functions but different origin of structure.
• These types of organs have the same function but different origins are regarded as analogues organs.
• Homologous organs are those types of organs that have the same structure of origin but different functions to perform.
• Role of analogues in evolution is to promote convergent evolution.
• Convergent means when many species converge at the same point due to their similar function and similar origin, they will get the same environment facilities and habitat whereas in homologous organs, it promotes divergent evolution.
• Divergent means they have the same common point but due to their different environment needs and functions they got distributed from that one point to the different places or to their suitable environment place to perform their function.
• So, according to the question, wings of pigeon, bats and mosquito show analogues of organs because they perform the same functions but have different origins.
• Due to the presence of analogues, they promote convergent evolution.

Hence, the correct answer is option (B).

Note: In morphology, analogous traits arise when different species live in similar ways and/or a similar environment, and so face the same environmental factors. When occupying similar ecological niches (that is, a distinctive way of life) similar problems can lead to similar solutions.