Question

Which of the following statement is correct about Thalassemia disease?
A. Thalassemia is caused by mutations in the DNA of cells that make haemoglobin
B. The type of thalassemia depends upon the number of mutations in genes
C. In mild thalassemia you may not need treatment

Answer 1

Hint:
Before answering the question, we should know about thalassemia.
Thalassemia is a genetically transmitted (i.e., handed from parents to children) blood illness that develops when the body doesn't produce enough haemoglobin, a crucial component of red blood cells. Thalassemia is a dangerous medical disorder that can have a considerable influence on a person's life, even though the main health issues it causes can frequently be treated. There is still a chance that you could pass on a more dangerous type to your offspring, even in moderate situations.

Complete answer:
A blood condition with an autosomal connection is thalassemia. This condition is brought on by the aberrant production of haemoglobin molecules as a result of errors brought on by genetic mutations, which results in an excessive amount of red blood cell breakdown or degradation. Patients with thalassemia have abnormalities in either the alpha or beta globin chains, which results in the generation of defective haemoglobin molecules and anaemia, one of the disease's hallmarks.
So, the correct statement is Thalassemia is caused by mutations in the DNA of cells that make haemoglobin.

Option ‘A’ is correct

Note:
Heart failure brought on by severe thalassemia might result in early mortality. Regular blood transfusions and iron-removal treatment assist to enhance the prognosis. The lifetime is frequently not shortened by less severe forms of thalassemia. The sole treatment for thalassemia is a stem cell or bone marrow transplant, although these procedures are not carried out very frequently due to the high risks. The spongy tissue found in the center of some bones called bone marrow is where stem cells are created.