Question

Which of the following is not common in chloroplasts and mitochondria?
(A)Both are present in animal cells.
(B)Both contain their genetic material.
(C)Both are present in eukaryotic cells.
(D)Both are present in plant cells

Answer 1

Hint: The chloroplast is the structure that helps in the process of photosynthesis and mitochondria, as everyone knows is called the powerhouse of the cell. Mitochondria help in the production of energy in eukaryotic cells.

Complete solution: The above option which is not common in chloroplasts and mitochondria is that both are present in animal cells.As everyone knows that chloroplast helps in photosynthesis, and photosynthesis always takes place in the plant cells only. Animal cells do not require photosynthesis, so chloroplasts are absent in the animal cells. The main function of the mitochondria is to generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the cell's biochemical reactions. The Chemical energy which is produced by the mitochondria is stored in a small molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Additional Information:
Mitochondria- It is commonly known to be a semi-autonomous double-membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic organisms. Mitochondria are very commonly found to be between 0.80 and 3 ${ μm }^{ 2 }$ in the area but vary considerably in size and structure. The number of mitochondria in a cell will always vary widely by organism, tissue, and cell type. As an example, red blood cells don't have any mitochondria, whereas liver cells can have over 2000. The organelle consists of compartments that perform specialized functions. These compartments or regions include the outer membrane, the intermembrane space, the inner membrane, and also the cristae and matrix.
Chloroplast- Chloroplasts is the type of organelles that conduct photosynthesis, where the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll captures the energy from sunlight, converts it, and stores it within the energy-storage molecules ATP and NADPH while freeing ${ O }_{ 2 }$ from water in plant and algal cells. They then use the ATP and NADPH to form organic molecules from ${ CO }_{ 2 }$during a process referred to as the Calvin cycle. Chloroplasts perform a variety of other functions, including carboxylic acid synthesis, much amino alkanoic acid synthesis, and therefore the immune reaction in plants.

So, the correct answer is ‘Both are present in animal cells’.

Note: The 'mitochondria' word is derived from the Greek word, mitos, which means "thread", and, chondrion, "granule" or "grain-like". On the other hand, the word chloroplast is originally derived from the Greek word chloros, which definitely means green, and plast, which means "the one who forms".