Question

Which of the following is correctly matched?
A. Parthenium hysterophorus – Threat to biodiversity
B. Stratification - population
C. Aerenchyma - Opuntia
D. Age pyramid - Biome

Answer 1

Hint: Flowers are multi-purpose substances. They provide us with necessities like food, Medicines, dyes etc. They can also be used in negative ways like narcotics which are toxic. Medicines can be used as drugs when taken in high or improper amounts. Weed is one of this kind.

Complete answer:
Ecosystem is the whole of the species of every kind on our planet Earth. There are units which make this large biome possible. The change in the basic unit will affect all the ranking in the hierarchy thereby, effecting the largest ranking. Ecology is the sum of all the different varieties in our surroundings.
Ecological hierarchy means the ranking of the ecological members. Every species existing in the universe makes the ecology. So the hierarchy places them in order- individual, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere.
Option A: Parthenium hysterophorus – Threat to biodiversity: It is a weed which causes damage to the wheat plant. In humans, it causes dermatitis and respiratory disorders.
Option B: Stratification – population: Stratification is the arrangement of flora and fauna in vertical layers.
Option C: Aerenchyma – Opuntia: The parenchyma cells with large intercellular spaces with air are aerenchyma cells. They maintain the buoyancy of the aquatic plant and help them to float. Opuntia is a xerophytic plant which withstands the dry extreme conditions.
Option D: Age pyramid – Biome: It represents the distribution of population in the age group category. The biome is the overall sum of all the biodiversity and ecosystem.

So, the answer is option A: Parthenium hysterophorus – Threat to biodiversity.

Note:
Parthenium is a weed native to America. It belongs to the family Asteraceae. It has invaded India and Australia, destroying man health, crops etc. It is also called famine weed. When there is hypoxia condition in the roots, the intake of oxygen becomes fast thus the diffusion occurs very quickly. This happens in the wetlands. So the plants present there have aerenchyma cells for the diffusion to be easier and at a higher rate.