Question

Which of the following carbohydrates is monosaccharide?

Answer 1

Hint: Carbohydrates as we know are very essential parts of our balanced diet. Carbohydrates are the major biomolecules that are composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. In the ratio of \[{C_n}{H_{2n}}{O_n}\]. They are the primary energy providing biomolecules and certain organisms. They also act as building materials for making cell wall and cell membrane.

Complete answer:
Carbohydrates are classified based upon the number of sugar molecules present in them. They can be categorized as Monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides.
The monosaccharides are often called simple sugars which possess a free aldehyde. Only one sugar molecule is present in monosaccharides. It is divided into trioses, tetroses, pentoses etc. Examples of carbohydrates are- Glucose, glycose, ribose, glucoheptose.
Glucose is the most common form of monosaccharide. General characteristics of carbohydrates are- carbohydrates are generally sweet in taste. They are mostly soluble in water mostly. They have a fruity odor and are generally white in color.
There are two major functional group presents in carbohydrate one is ketose group and another is aldehyde group. Apart from glucose, fructose and galactose are also monosaccharides.
Glucose used as an energy source and for the synthesis of starch, glycogen and cellulose is hexose. Ribose and deoxyribose are pentose sugars used in buildings of RNA and DNA respectively. In aqueous solutions monosaccharides exist as rings. Monosaccharides with eight or more carbons are observed as they are quite unstable.

Note:
Monosaccharides are used to produce and store energy. Most organisms create energy by breaking down the monosaccharide glucose, and harvesting the energy released from the bonds. Other monosaccharides are used to form long fibers, which can be used as a form of cellular structure. The monosaccharide glucose plays a pivotal role in metabolism where the chemical energy is extracted through glycolysis and the citric acid cycle to provide energy to living organisms.
Some other monosaccharides can be converted in the living organism to glucose.