Question

What is magnetic hysteresis?

Answer 1

Hint : Magnetism is the force that magnets exert when they attract or repel one another. The movement of electric charges causes magnetism. Every substance is composed of tiny units known as atoms. Each atom contains electrons, which are charged particles.

Complete step-by-step solution:
The dependence of a system's state on its history is referred to as hysteresis. A magnet, for example, may have more than one magnetic moment in a given magnetic field, depending on how the field has changed in the past.
When an external magnetic field is applied to a ferromagnet such as iron, the atomic dipoles align themselves with it, magnetic hysteresis occurs. Even if the field is removed, a portion of the alignment will be retained because the material has become magnetized. The magnet will remain magnetized indefinitely once it has been magnetized. Heat or a magnetic field in the opposite direction are required to demagnetize it. This is the effect that provides the element of memory in a hard disk drive.
In such materials, the relationship between field strength \[H\] and magnetization \[M\] is not linear. When a magnet is demagnetized (\[H=M=0\]), the relationship between \[H\]and \[M\]is plotted for increasing levels of field strength and \[M\]follows the initial magnetization curve.
Thus, The phenomenon of magnetic induction lagging behind the magnetizing field when a magnetic material specimen is subjected to a magnetization cycle is known as hysteresis.

Note:In ferromagnetic materials, hysteresis is caused by two effects: magnetization rotation and changes in the size or number of magnetic domains. Magnetization varies (in direction but not magnitude) across a magnet in general, but not in sufficiently small magnets. The magnetization in these single-domain magnets rotates in response to a magnetic field.