Question

Types of manures are.
(a) Farmyard, compost and green manure
(b) Green and farmyard
(c) Green and compost
(d) Farmyard and compost

Answer 1

Hint: The first type of manure is a decomposed mixture of urine and dung of farm animals along with litter and leftover materials from fodder. The second type is a mixture of organic substances like animal carcasses, straw etc that have been piled and moistened to undergo thermophilic decomposition while the third type of manure functions as a means of mulch and soil amendment.

Complete Answer:
Types of manures are farmyard, compost and green manure. Let's begin the explanation by understanding what manure is. Organic matter used as fertilizer in cultivation is called ‘manure.’ Manure is derived from animal faeces and dead plants, to fertilise the soil and enhance crop production. Its function is to improve the fertility of the soil by adding lots of nutrients such as nitrogen ( trapped by the bacteria in the soil) and organic matter to the soil.
Let's see different types of manures in detail.
-Farmyard manure: It is a natural soil fertiliser prepared from cow’s organic waste and other dairy wastes. It increases the soil capacity to hold water and nutrients and increases microbial activity. Cow dung is the best type of manure for gardening and agricultural purposes.
-Compost manure: It increases soil microbial activity. It is formed with a proper mixture of water, carbon, oxygen and nitrogen with suitable microorganisms, which break down organic matter into simple forms, easier for the crop to absorb.
-Green manure: Green manure prevents the growth of weed and soil erosion. It further increases the nutrient content of the soil. It is formed by leaving uprooted or sown crop parts to decay in the soil itself.
So, the correct answer is, 'Farmyard, green manure and compost'.

Note: -In the decomposition of organic matter into manure, initially, microorganisms such as bacteria, moulds, fungi, actinomycetes, protozoa and other saprophytic organisms feed on decaying organic materials.
-In the later stages mites, millipedes, centipedes, beetles, earthworms and springtails decompose organic matter leading to further breakdown and enrichment of the composting material.
-Methane gas is evolved as a by-product of manure that can be used for cooking and heating purposes.