Question

The study of cells and tissues is known as
A. Physiology
B. Mycology
C. Paleontology
D. Histology

Answer 1

Hint: Cell is the fundamental structural and functional unit of all living organisms. A single cell is capable of independent existence and also performing the essential functions of life. All cells have certain structures in common to carry out basic life processes, but the differential distribution of organelles gives cells distinct characteristics.

Step by step answer:Tissues are a group of cells. The study of cells and tissues of plants is known as histology.
Hence, the correct answer is option D. Histology
Additional information:
There are two types of cell- prokaryotic & eukaryotic cells.
PROKARYOTIC CELL -
It is a single-membrane system. The cell wall surrounds the plasma membrane in most cases. It is composed of peptidoglycans comprising polysaccharides linked to amino acids. The strengthening material is murein. The cell membrane bears respiratory enzymes.
Cell membranes help in distributing replication products of the chromosome between daughter cells. Cytoplasm lacks organelles( endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, centrosome, microfilaments, microtubules, intermediate fibres, microbodies) except ribosomes.
EUKARYOTIC CELL :
It is a double membrane system. Cell wall surrounds the plasma membrane in some protists, most fungi, and all plants. It is composed of polysaccharides. Many strengthening materials are chitin in most fungi and cellulose in others. Animal cells lack cell walls. The cell membrane lacks respiratory enzymes. Cell membrane does not form mesosomes or photosynthetic lamellae. Thylakoids occur in the chloroplast. The cytoplasm contains organelles viz endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, centrosome, microfilaments, intermediate fibres, microtubules, besides ribosome.

Note: There are two types of cells: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. This classification is based on three main features (i) organization of biomembranes (ii) a variety of cytoplasmic organelles and (iii) complexity of nuclear material. The eukaryotic cell occurs in protest fungi, plants, and animals and prokaryotic cells occur in most of the bacteria and blue-green algae.