Question

The poisonous substances commonly produced by bacteria are known as
A. Toxins
B. Auxins
C. Antibiotics
D. Antitoxins

Answer 1

Hint: Bacteria are one of the pathogenic organisms which causes infections and diseases. The bacteria release certain proteins which are harmful for both plants and other animals. These harmful substances are potent in causing diseases.

Complete answer:
The bacteria belong to the category of one of the infectious organisms which causes a wide range of diseases like tuberculosis, cholera, diphtheria etc in humans and in case of plants the diseases like citrus canker, smut, rust are caused. These organisms produce certain toxins which have the potential of causing diseases.

Now let us look into the given options :
A) Toxins: The toxins produced are protein molecules which are also called the antigens. Our body produces antibodies in response to the antigens so as to nullify the effect of the toxins and prevent disease. The cells of the immune system help in fighting diseases.

B) Auxins: These are the growth hormones produced in the plants. Auxins are responsible for the growth and elongation of plants. It is produced naturally in the plants.

C) Antibiotics: Antibiotics are the anti-bacterial agents which fight against the bacteria. It either kills the bacteria or prevents it from growing and multiplying.

D) Anti-toxins: Antitoxins are also known as antibodies. These are produced by our body in response to the toxins produced by the bacteria.

Thus, the correct answer is option (A).

Note: Both toxins and antitoxins are proteins. Antibiotics are effective against particular microorganisms. The broad-spectrum antibiotics can kill a large number of microbes. Penicillin is the first discovered antibiotic.