Question

The 'Origin of Species’ is written by
A. Linnaeus
B. Darwin
C. Hackel
D. Whittaker

Answer 1

Hint: The differences in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations is called evolution. The expression of genes that are inherited by the offspring from the parents is responsible for the characteristics of an offspring. Evolutionary processes such as natural selection also play a vital role in evolution.

Complete answer: Evolution can be defined as the change in the inherited characteristics over a successive period of time. Various factors such as mutation, genetics, and other sources of genetic variation are responsible for the evolution to occur. These factors have shown three types of evolution. They are divergent evolution, convergent evolution, and parallel evolution. According to Charles Darwin evolution happens by natural selection. The differences in the genes are responsible for the variation in physical characteristics of a species. Individuals which are able to survive in their surrounding environment by obtaining food, avoiding predators, and resisting diseases are more likely to survive. Such individuals are able to reproduce and pass on their genes to their children. Individuals which are not able to adapt to the changing environmental conditions are less likely to reproduce and survive. Therefore, the probability of passing their genes to the next generation is less. Charles Darwin published a book named ‘On the Origin of Species’ in the year 1859 on 24th November.
So, option B is the correct option.

Note: The book published by Darwin was considered as the foundation of evolutionary biology. The full title of the book was ‘On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection or the Preservation of Favored Races in the Struggle for Life'. In his book, he stated that the diversity of life descended from a common ancestor through evolution.