Question

The organelle other than the nucleus, containing DNA is
(a) lysosome
(b) mitochondria
(c) Golgi apparatus
(d) vacuole

Answer 1

Hint: The organelle which has its own DNA is also known as a semi-autonomous organelle as it has a protein synthesis machinery of its own. This organelle also has finger-like projections. It is also known as the powerhouse of the cell.

Complete answer:
Mitochondria is a primitive cell in the human cell. It has its own DNA. It contributes to a total of 1 percent of the DNA of the cell. It has a closed circular 50 to 60S type of DNA. it can be linear sometimes. The mitochondrial DNA is present in the matrix.

Additional Information: 1. Mitochondria are special cellular organelles as they contain their own DNA, which is retained during the binary fission.
2.. Mitochondria are found in the actively synthesizing cells. 2. It consists of 70% proteins and 25% lipids
3. Mitochondria exists in many shapes, it exhibits the phenomenon of pleomorphism.
4. In the inner layer of mitochondria are the finger-like projections called cristae which help in increasing the surface area.
5. Mitochondria of a cell is collectively known as chondriome.
6. Mitochondria has several structures called oxysomes or f1 and fo particles present on the cristae.
7. They are also called as powerhouses of the cell.
8. The mitochondrial DNA is always inherited from the female parent and includes some forms of hearing impairment and diabetes in a few conditions which are associated with DNA that are found in the mitochondria.
So, the correct answer is, mitochondria.

Note: The enzymes required for the Kreb cycle are present in the matrix of mitochondria. Mitochondria were named by the scientist, Benda in 1897.
It was discovered by Richard Altman.