Question

The hot spots of biodiversity are characterized by:
A. Low endemicity and low threat of extinction
B. Low endemicity and high threat of extinction
C. High endemicity and low threat of extinction
D. High endemicity and high threat of extinction

Answer 1

Hint:
Before we answer this question, we must know about diversity.
Regions with a high prevalence of endemic species and a high risk of extinction are some of the hotspots for biodiversity. Conservationists may find it intriguing to investigate these regions because they frequently include a large number of threatened or endangered species. Endangered species are those that are "certain to become extinct throughout their range," according to the Encyclopedia Britannica, while endemic species "live solely within a restricted area."
Even though these hotspots frequently face difficulties like resource scarcity or habitat loss, they present an excellent opportunity for academics and environmentalists who want to engage in projects that aim to preserve these imperiled ecosystems.

Complete answer:
A bio-geographic area with a substantial reservoir of biodiversity that is threatened by humans is referred to as a biodiversity hotspot. A region must meet two severe requirements to be listed as a biodiversity hotspot on the Myers edition of the hotspot map: it must have at least, or species, of vascular plants that are endemic, and it must have lost at least of its main vegetation. Thirty-six regions worldwide meet this description, and nine more could be contenders. Nearly all plant, bird, animal, reptile, and amphibian species, including a significant portion of endemic species, are found in these locations. So, the hotspots of biodiversity are characterized as high endemicity and high threat of extinction.

Option ‘D’ is correct

Note:
High endemicity and extinction risk are characteristics of biodiversity hotspots. These regions are home to a disproportionately high number of species that are facing extinction or rapid population decline.
High amounts of both are present in hot spots, indicating that the area needs to be protected.