Question

The Golgi complex plays a major role
a. In post-translational modification of proteins and glycosidation of lipids.
b. In digesting proteins and carbohydrates,
c. As energy transferring organelles.
d. All of the above.

Answer 1

Hint: Golgi apparatus is also called as Golgi complex or body found in all most all eukaryotic cells, as the endomembrane part of the cell cytoplasm, and it was first identified in the year 1897 by the Italian scientist Camillo Golgi, so this organelle got the game after his identification.

Complete answer:
Structure of Golgi complex: Golgi complex is made up of Compartments, which are fused, flattened like disks and this is called cisternae or stacks in general. The mammalian cell on average contains 40 to 100 stacks of cisternae. Where these Cisternae break down into Cis, medial, and trans, and later they form two networks which are the Cis Golgi network and trans-Golgi network.

Functions of the Golgi complex.
- This Golgi complex mainly dispatches the proteins that are received from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cytoplasm.
- These proteins are secreted to the cytoplasm by a process called exocytosis.
- Mainly these organelles are involved in the transport of lipids and lysosomes.
- They also involve enzymatic processing such as post-translational modification of proteins, for example, Phosphorylation of Oligosaccharides.
- Along with post-translational modification of proteins, it also involves in the process of the addition of carbohydrates, and this process is called Glycosidation. And they also involved in glycosylation of lipids
- It also creates Proteoglycans.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A).

Note: Golgi complex plays an important role in processing the protein for secretion, they contain a set of glycosylation enzymes where they attach to various sugar monomers to proteins and these proteins move from apparatus.