Question

The element lead is derived from the Latin name plumbum.
(a)- True
(b)- False

Answer 1

Hint: Lead is the element of group 14 which belongs to p-block. The symbol of the lead is Pb. The principal ore of lead is galena. It belongs to the carbon family.


Complete step by step answer:
Lead is the element of group 14 which is called the carbon family. Lead is a p-block element. Pb is the symbol that represents the element lead. The lead word is derived from a Latin word Plumbum, which in short form Pb represents the symbol of lead element.
The atomic number of lead is 82 and it is the fifth element of the carbon family or group 14. The electronic configuration of lead is $1{{s}^{2}}2{{s}^{2}}2{{p}^{6}}3{{s}^{2}}3{{p}^{6}}3{{d}^{10}}4{{s}^{2}}4{{p}^{6}}4{{d}^{10}}4{{f}^{14}}5{{s}^{2}}5{{p}^{6}}5{{d}^{10}}6{{s}^{2}}6{{p}^{2}}$
The most available ore of lead is galena ($PbS$). Other ores of lead are anglesite ($PbS{{O}_{4}}$) and cerussite ($PbC{{O}_{3}}$). In India, small quantities of lead are found in Rajasthan.
The atomic mass of lead is 207 g/mol. The melting point of lead is 600 K and the boiling point is 2024 K. The lead is classified as soft metal. Lead forms 2 oxidation states i.e., +2 and +4. Since it is a soft metal, it mostly forms an ionic bond. The oxide of lead is amphoteric i.e., as both acid and base. Lead is not affected by water probably due to the formation of a protective film of lead oxide on its surface.

So, the statement “The element lead is derived from the Latin name plumbum”, is true.


Note: Since the lead element shows 2 oxidation states i.e., +2 and +4, but the most stable oxidation state is +2. This is due to the inert pair effect in which the 2 electrons of 6s-orbital are not easily available for bonding.