Question

$S-O$ bond length is maximum in:
A. $SOB{{r}_{2}}$
B. $SOC{{l}_{2}}$
C. $SO{{F}_{2}}$
D. $SO{{(C{{H}_{3}})}_{2}}$

Answer 1

Hint: Molecular geometry is generally a three-dimensional arrangement of the atoms that makes a molecule. Molecular geometry includes the general shape of the molecule as well as bond lengths, bond angles, torsional angles and any other geometrical parameters which tells us about the position of each atom.

Complete Solution :
- In molecular geometry, bond length or bond distance is defined as the average distance between nuclei of two bonded atoms in a molecule. Bond length is generally dependent on the bond order of electrons when more electrons participate in bond formation then bond length becomes shorter. Bond length is inversely proportional to bond strength and the bond dissociation energy i.e. it decreases with increase of their values. In a bond between two identical atoms half the bond distance is equal to the covalent radius of that atom.
- Bond length also depends on bond angle, larger the bond angle shorter is the bond length as we know that greater the size of halogen shows greater the angle between $S-X$ while shorter the $S-O$ bond angle. Therefore, bond angle follows the order $SOB{{r}_{2}} < SOC{{l}_{2}} < SO{{F}_{2}}$ but bond length follows opposite order.
Hence we can say that $SOB{{r}_{2}}$ have maximum bond length
So, the correct answer is “Option A”.

Note: Bond lengths are measured in the solid phase with the help X-ray diffraction or in the gas phase by microwave spectroscopy. A bond between a given pair of atoms may vary between different molecules. For example, the carbon to hydrogen bonds in methane are different from those in methyl chloride.