Question

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Answer 1

Hint: RNA is a ribonucleic acid that helps our cells make proteins. In the human body, this nucleic acid is important for the formation of new cells. It's normally extracted from a molecule of DNA. The sole difference between RNA and DNA is that it only has one strand, whereas DNA has two, and it only contains a single ribose sugar molecule. Except for the Thymine, which is replaced by uracil, RNA has the same nitrogen bases as DNA: adenine, guanine, and cytosine. RNA is of three types: mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA.

Complete answer:
The transfer RNA is in charge of selecting the correct protein or amino acids needed by the organism, thereby assisting the ribosomes. It can be found at the amino acids ends. During the translation process, tRNA serves as an adaptor molecule. It transports the amino acid to be added to the peptide chain and decodes the codon in the mRNA molecule for the same. This form of RNA connects the messenger RNA to the amino acid and is also known as soluble RNA.

Additional information:
tRNAs are usually between \[76\] and \[90\] nucleotides long. The tRNAs for each amino acid are unique. None of the tRNAs recognise stop codons. The secondary structure of tRNA resembles a clover leaf, whereas the tertiary structure resembles an inverted "L". Hydrogen bonding between complementary bases creates the folded structure.

Note:
The tRNA molecule has an inverted L shape with an anticodon loop and an amino acid acceptor end. The anticodon loop creates bases that are complementary to the mRNA codes, and the amino acid end attaches to the amino acids. As a result, it aids protein synthesis. There is a tRNA for each amino acid. The translation is started by initiator tRNA, whereas stop codons have no tRNA.