Question

Removal of introns and joining of exons in a defined order during transcription is called:
A. Looping
B. Inducing
C. Slicing
D. Splicing

Answer 1

Hint: When a DNA fragment is copied into RNA, then this process of copying is called transcription. Messenger RNA is created when specific DNA sequences are translated into RNA molecules that can encode proteins (mRNA). Non-coding RNAs are RNA molecules that contain copies of other DNA sequences (ncRNAs).
Complete step-by-step solution:
The general steps that occur in the process of transcription are as follows:
The promoter DNA is bound by RNA polymerase and one or more general transcription factors.
The two strands of the DNA helix are divided through a transcription bubble, which is formed by RNA polymerase. This is generally accomplished, by dissolving the hydrogen bonds holding complementary DNA nucleotides together.
RNA polymerase synthesises new RNA nucleotides which correspond to the nucleotides of one DNA strand.
RNA polymerase aids in the formation of the sugar-phosphate which is a backbone of an RNA strand.
The freshly formed RNA strand is released when the RNA-DNA helix's hydrogen bonds disintegrate.
The RNA might undergo additional processing if the cell has a nucleus. Splicing, capping, and polyadenylation is examples of this.
The nuclear pore complex allows the RNA to either leave the nucleus or move to the cytoplasm.
Hence, option D is the correct answer.
Splicing helps in making genes more flexible by enabling the emergence of new exon-combination patterns. Old introns can be replaced with new exons to produce new proteins without affecting the function of the original gene
Note:
mRNA splicing is a crucial step in the transcription process because it removes introns, which are necessary for the production of the proper protein. The biogenesis and protein levels in the cell also includes mRNA splicing.