Question

PVC is prepared by the polymerization of:
(A) Ethylene
(B) $1$-chloropropene
(C) Propene
(D) $1$-chloroethene

Answer 1

Hint: Polymerization is any chemical reaction in which comparatively tiny molecules, known as monomers, join to form a very long continuous network molecule known as a polymer. PVC in general stands for polyvinyl chloride. PVC is a thermoplastic polymer that can melt when heated, solidifies when solidified, and cools when made to cool down. Hence the material is flexible.

Complete answer: The PVC or polyvinyl chloride is a resin that is synthesized by the process of polymerization of a vinyl chloride. Here the term ‘vinyl’ refers to a double bond group or group which has an ethenyl property that is double carbon atom with a double bond. Also the vinyl chloride implies that there must be a chlorine atom present on the monomer.
The diagrammatic representation for the synthesis or polymerization of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) using the monomers of $1$-chloroethene:
Taking each option we see:
Option (A) Ethylene is an incorrect option. This is mainly because, for synthesizing polyvinyl chloride, there has to be the element chlorine present in the process of formation and ethylene has a chemical formula of ‘${C_2}{H_4}$’ which clearly shows that it does not have the element chlorine present on it. So we may reject this option.
Option (B) $1$-chloropropene is an incorrect option. Here we have the required molecule of chlorine but the structure required is incorrect since we only need two carbon atoms but the structure of $1$-chloropropane is ‘${C_3}{H_5}Cl$’ so it has one extra carbon atom. So this is also an option that can be rejected.
Option (C) Propene is an incorrect option. Here we do not have a chlorine atom which is the most essential part of producing polyvinyl chloride. Also the number of carbon atoms required for the synthesis of PVC is two, but the chemical formula of propene is ‘${C_3}{H_6}$’ which shows that there is one extra carbon atom. So we can directly reject this option.
Option (D) $1$-chloroethene is the correct option. This is because the number of carbon atoms required is two and it is satisfied by the structure of $1$-chloroethene that looks like this ‘${C_2}{H_5}Cl$’. Also the most required part for the synthesis of PVC is the presence of chlorine atoms on the parent monomer which is again satisfied here. So we can accept this option.
Therefore the correct answer is clearly option (D) $1$-chloroethene.

Note:
PVC is used in a wide range of items, from raincoats, cables, tubing, bottles, flooring, and so on. It is valuable in the production of many items because it is resistant to water and heat. PVC is weather, chemical, erosion, abrasion, and shock resistant. As a result, it is the ideal component for the production of many outdoor and long-lasting materials. Because of its high dielectric strength, PVC is also an ideal material for insulation.