Question

Who proposed the chemiosmotic hypothesis of ATP synthesis?
A. Francis Crick
B. H G Khorana
C. Peter Mitchell
D. J D Watson

Answer 1

Hint:
Before we proceed with the problem, it is important to know about the chemiosmotic hypothesis.
The chemiosmotic theory states that ATP is produced as a result of the proton gradient that is created across the thylakoids' membrane. The proton gradient, proton pump, and ATP synthase are necessary for chemiosmosis. An enzyme that helps with ATP synthesis is called ATP synthase. The electron transport chain and the production of the proton gradient are linked to ATP synthesis.

Complete step by step answer:
Peter Mitchell proposed the chemiosmotic concept in 1961. It clarifies the process by which ATP is produced in chloroplasts during photosynthesis. ATP and NADP are produced during the photochemical stage, also known as the light reaction.
The proton gradient that is established across the mitochondrial membrane is what causes ATP to be produced, according to the chemiosmotic theory. Chemiosmosis requires the proton pump, the proton gradient, and ATP synthase to function. ATP synthase is a type of enzyme that helps with ATP synthesis.
During the light reaction or photochemical phase, NADP (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate, abbreviated NADP⁺) is produced alongside ATP. The fundamental constituents of photosynthesis are these substances. They are utilized in the procedure to create sugar molecules via the Calvin Cycle or dark reaction (final product)

Option ‘C’ is correct

Note:
ATP-Adenosine Triphosphates are produced in this process as a result of the proton gradient that exists across the thylakoid membrane. The three key components needed for the chemiosmosis process are the proton gradient, ATP synthase, and proton pump. ATP synthase is the name of the enzyme needed to create ATP molecules.