Question

How do properties of halogens differ from noble gases?

Answer 1

Hint: The elements that occur in nature are classified in the periodic table based on their atomic number. The elements in the atomic table are categorised in blocks that make them easier to correlate and thus make the comparison easier.

Complete step by step answer:
The elements in the periodic table are classified in the form of blocks, groups and periods based on the properties that they show. The change in the group or the period shows the change in the number of shells and the number of electrons in the shell.
The halogens and the noble gases are placed side by side in the periodic table. The groups also tell us about the number of electrons that are present in the outermost shell of the electron.

Halogens	Noble gases
The periodic table has the group 17 which has the halogens	The group 18 is occupied by the noble gases.
The halogens have 7 in the outermost shell	The noble gases have the inert configuration and have the last shell full. That is why they are non-reactive to most of the reactions that occur and they react in special conditions.
The halogens are found to exist in the form of diatomic molecules to remain stable	The noble gases are existent in the form of a single atom since they don’t need to combine for stability.
Halogens are dark in colour and have a distinct odour	The noble gases are found to have a colourless and odourless nature.
Halogens exist in all three phases of matter namely solid, liquid and gas.	While the noble gases as the name suggests exist in the form of gases.

Note: The atom consists of electrons which are present inside the atoms in specific orbits or shells. These electrons are present in the shells according to the energy. The distribution of the electron is similar to how the planets move in our solar system.
The electrons are placed in shells according to the energy. These shells are also given naming convention which helps in the description of any electron that is present in the atomic shells.
All the electrons in the atom have some quantum numbers which are used to describe its location and thus also help in inferring the properties that the element is going to show.
The quantum numbers are namely the principal quantum number, the azimuthal quantum number, magnetic quantum number and the spin quantum number.