Question

Proofreading and repair occur at _________.
A. At anytime during or after the synthesis of DNA
B. Only before DNA methylation occurs
C. Only in the presence of DNA polymerase
D. Only in the presence of an excision repair mechanism
Solution:

Answer 1

Hint: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a polymer made of two polynucleotide chains that coil around one another to create a double helix and which contains the genetic material necessary for all known creatures, including many viruses, to develop, function, grow, and reproduce.
Complete step-by-step solution:
In genetics, the word "proofreading" is used to describe the error-correcting mechanisms, initially postulated by John Hopfield and Jacques Ninio, involved in DNA replication, immune system specificity, and enzyme-substrate recognition, among many other processes that need increased specificity.
DNA repair is one of the processes by which a cell preserves the integrity of its genetic information.
DNA repair makes it possible for kids to inherit parental DNA as faithfully as possible, which assures a species' survival. A person's health is also preserved by it.
Most DNA polymerases "check their work" during DNA synthesis, correcting most mispaired bases in a procedure known as proofreading.
Any mismatched bases that are still present after DNA synthesis can be found and fixed through a procedure known as mismatch repair.
Only the polymerases that deal with elongation (delta and epsilon) in eukaryotes have the capacity for proofreading.
Additionally, mRNA translation for protein synthesis involves proofreading.
Hence, option A is correct.
Proofreading and repair occur at at any time during or after the synthesis of DNA.
Note: The four building blocks of DNA are cytosine, guanine, adenine, and thymine. somewhere between 50 million and 250 million base pairs make up a single chromosome. Our genome has about 3 million DNA bases. A father's and child's DNA are compared in paternity testing.