Question

Plants developed in in vitro culture from pollen grains are
A. Androgenic haploids.
B. Pollen plants.
C. Male plants.
D. Sterile plants.

Answer 1

Hint:In pollen culture, haploid plants are obtained from isolated pollen grains while in anther culture those are obtained from pollens, by placing anthers on a suitable, synthetic culture medium.

Complete answer:
To answer this question, first, we need to know about pollen culture. Pollen culture is a technique of production of haploid plants by the culture of pollen grains obtained from another of a plant under aseptic condition on artificial media of known composition. The technique was discovered by Guha and Maheshwari. The pollen was obtained by squeezing the anthers after surface sterilizing with hypochlorite. The obtained pollen was cultured on nutrient media.The technique or process of maintaining or cultivating cells or tissues derived from a living organism in a culture medium is known as vitro culture.
Plants developed in vitro culture from pollen grains are known as androgenic haploids because they are clones of male parents, the pollen has genetic material of only male plants. The pollen grains are haploid so the plant obtained is also haploid.

Thus, the correct option is A. i.e. Androgenic haploids.

Note:The pollen develops into a callus which is treated with auxin it promotes rooting and when it is treated with cytokinin it stimulates cell maturation, differentiation and finally, promotes the development of stem. The haploid plants were developed because cytokinin stimulates cell differentiation which is caused due to the expression of genes. The expressed genes produce hormones and show its effect. For example, florigen hormone is released for flowering.