Question

Name the scientist who discovered electrons.

Answer 1

Hint: We know that an atom consists of positive charge nucleus, with negatively charged particles called as electrons surrounding the nucleus. We also know that the atomic nucleus consists of protons and neutrons present in them. The protons and neutrons are present inside a small, dense region present at the center of the atom called a nucleus.

Complete answer:
We have to remember that toms are mainly composed of three subatomic particles namely protons, electrons and neutrons.
The negatively charged particles that revolve around the nucleus of an atom are called electrons. They have a mass of $9.1093 \times {10^{ - 31}}kg$. They are represented as “e”. The charge on an electron is $ - 1$. They participate in both chemical and nuclear reactions.
Electrons were discovered by J.J.Thomson.
As we know that, electrons play an important role in several physical phenomena like electricity, magnetism, chemistry and thermal conductivity, and they also take part in gravitational, electromagnetic and weak interactions. If the number of electrons is varied from the nucleus, electrical charge then it is called an ion. Electrons could transfer between various orbitals by emission (or) absorption of photons with an energy that is similar to potential difference. Free electrons are termed for independent electrons. In the laboratory, the interactions between individual electrons could be observed by particle detectors that permit measurement of certain properties like energy, charge, and spin.

Note:
We have to remember that electron beams are used for welding purposes. Electron-beam lithography is a technique for semiconductors etching at resolutions which are smaller than a micrometer. Electron beam processing is utilized to irradiate materials in order to alter their physical properties (or) sterilize medical products and food products.