Question

Name the respective mineral nutrient element that:
A. Forms the core constituent of the ring structure of chlorophyll
B. Activates carboxylases
C. Forms the component nitrogenase
D. Synthesizes middle lamella of plant cells

Answer 1

Hint: The chemical substances which are present in the food and which act as the raw material for the building of the body and maintenance of its function as defined as nutrients. Nutrients can be organic or inorganic. These nutrients play a well-defined role in the human body growth.

Complete answer: An element is known as essential for plants if it has a specific structural and physiological role in the plant growth and development and without this element, the plant cannot complete their life cycle. The micro and macronutrients play various metabolic processes in the plant, such as permeability of cell membrane, maintenance of osmotic concentration of cell sap, buffering action, enzymatic activity, and they also act as a major constituent for the secretion of some substances.
Let us see which element play role in the secretion of which substance:
-Forms the core constituent of the ring structure of chlorophyll: The ring structure of the chlorophyll is formed by magnesium. Magnesium is required in the growing area of root and stem seeds and leaves. Magnesium occurs as magnesium pectate in the middle lamella and it is also required for binding of ribosome subunits during protein synthesis so it acts as a constituent of the ring structure of chlorophyll. It activates several enzymes involved in photosynthesis and respiration.
-Activates carboxylases: The carboxylase is activated by the element Manganese. manganese is required in the leaves and seeds. Manganese activates several enzymes that are involved in the process of photosynthesis and respiration, and it is also involved in nitrogen metabolism thus it activates carboxylase.
-Forms the component nitrogenase: Iron and molybdenum are the two elements that form the component nitrogenase. Iron is an important constituent of protein and is involved in the transfer of electrons like ferredoxin and cytochromes. So, it activates the enzyme used in photosynthesis and respiration. Molybdenum is required everywhere in the body of the plant it is a component of several enzymes that also include nitrogenase and nitrate reductase and these two participate in nitrogen metabolism
-Synthesizes the middle lamella of plant cells: During the process of cell division, the middle lamella is synthesized as calcium pectate due to the presence of elemental calcium. Calcium is required for the synthesis of the cell wall. Calcium is also required Organisation of chromosomes. Calcium also activates several enzymes involved in the process of energy production.

Note: Plants need several inorganic nutrients or minerals for hair growth development, structure, physiology, and reproduction. The study of source and the mode of absorption, which also includes distribution and metabolism of various inorganic minerals by plant, is termed mineral nutrition.