Question

Name the protozoan that causes sleeping sickness.

Answer 1

Hint: Protozoa are minute, one-celled organisms that can be free-living or parasitic. They replicate in people, helping the parasite's survival while also allowing for devastating infections. Protozoan infections are transmitted by a faecal-oral pathway. Arthropod vectors, such as mosquitoes, transfer protozoa that dwell in blood or human tissue.

Complete answer:
Trypanosoma brucei is the protozoa that causes the sickness. The protozoa is spread by the tse-tse insect. Because of the disrupted sleeping pattern, it is referred to as sleeping sickness. Fever, headache, joint pain, and itching are some of the first symptoms of this disease.
The bite of a tsetse fly causes a red sore. This condition has the potential to be devastating because it affects our nerve system, altering the patient's personality, biological clock, and causing trouble walking. More than sixty million individuals in rural East, West, and Central Africa are at high risk of contracting the disease.
The disease Trypanosomiasis is caused by the flagellate protozoan Trypanosoma, which belongs to the Trypanosomatidae family. It is a member of the Kinetoplastida order. Only two Trypanosoma species, Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, cause sleeping sickness in humans. Every known species is associated with a certain disease. The tsetse fly is used as a vector in this. The tsetse fly stage and the human stage are the two stages of Trypanosoma's life cycle. The parasite enters the human body during its infective stage as a result of the fly's biting and completes its cycle.
Pentamidine, Suramin, Melarsoprol, and Eflornithine are the only four medications that have been approved to treat sleeping sickness.
Under specific permission, a medication called Nifurtimox is taken in combination. All of the medications have some level of toxicity, and their administration is complicated. As a result, treating this disease is tough.

Note:
Types of african sleeping sickness-
East African sleeping sickness, sometimes known as Rhodesian sleeping sickness, is a sleep disorder that affects people in East Africa. It's an acute form of the disease caused by the T. brucei rhodesiense subspecies. This results in mental illness and, in extreme cases, death.
West African sleeping sickness, sometimes known as Gambian sleeping sickness, is a sleep disorder that affects people in West Africa. It's a chronic variant of T. brucei ambiance that takes longer to develop. This can harm the brain, resulting in mental decline, coma, and death.