Question

Name the hormones secreted by testes. The testes are situated outside the abdomen in human male. Give reasons.

Answer 1

Hint: The hormones are the chemical messengers that are secreted by specialized organs known as endocrine glands. The secretions of the glands are secreted by the glands and are released into the blood. The blood then carries it to the different organs and tissues to exert their functions. Hormones are required in small amounts but they are very specific in action.

Complete answer:
There are various types of hormones which are secreted by the endocrine glands. The secretions travel through the blood to reach the specific and target organs. The endocrine glands are ductless and the hormones have to be transported through the blood.

There are various actions of hormones as they affect different bodily functions and processes. The glands secrete the hormones in small quantities but they are capable of bringing about major changes in the body. Some of the major endocrine glands are pituitary, pineal, thyroid, thymus, pancreas, testes and ovaries. Ovaries and testes are responsible for the growth and maintenance of the reproductive system in humans.

Testes is the male reproductive gland in humans as well as other animals. It is also known as testicles or gonads. The main function of testes is production of sperm and release of male hormones.

The testes produces the male reproductive hormone known as testosterone. The release of testosterone is controlled by the anterior pituitary.

Testes are present in pairs and it is situated within the scrotum. The process of production of sperm by the testes is known as spermatogenesis. It is the process of production of mature sperm cells by proliferation and division of germ cells. The process of spermatogenesis is controlled by specific temperature regulation. Spermatogenesis is increased at a temperature which is slightly less than the body temperature. The most optimum temperature for the process of spermatogenesis is about thirty three degree Celsius. It is less efficient if the temperature is higher and lower than this. The actual body temperature is about thirty seven degrees Celsius which is higher than the optimum temperature than required for sperm development. This problem is solved by the position of the testes outside the abdomen as higher temperature of the body can affect spermatogenesis. As the testes are located outside the body, the smooth tissues present in the scrotum can move the testes closer or farther from the body.

Note: The testes are the organs that produce sperms and testosterone hormones in males. The hormone testosterone is responsible for male fertility as well as development of muscles, increasing bone mass and development of secondary male characters. In addition to testosterone, androgen is also secreted by the testes. The position of testes is maintained outside the abdomen to maintain a specific temperature which helps in developing sperms.