Question

Monoclonal antibodies are produced from hybrid cells called hybridomas. The cells fused to obtain these hybridoma cells are?

A) B-lymphocytes and myeloma cells
B) Lymphoma cells and bone marrow cells
C) T-lymphocytes and myeloma cells
D) B-lymphocytes and carcinoma cells

Answer 1

Hint: Monoclonal antibodies are monospecific antibodies. These antibodies are produced from a clone of a single lymphocyte directed against a single antigenic determinant and epitope. Such antibodies are produced by a single clone and directed against a single epitope. Antibodies produced ordinarily in infection or immunization are polyclonal because natural antigens have multiple epitopes, each of which generates clones of lymphocytes.

Complete step-by-step answer:

Hybbridoma technology forms hybrid cell lines ( called hybridomas) by blending a specific antibody-producing B cell with a myeloma cell( cancerous cell). The antibodies produced by the hybridoma are monoclonal antibodies having a single specificity.
A hybridoma is a hybrid cell acquired by blending of B lymphocyte with usually a tumor cell of antibody-forming system or B lymphocyte(these are called myelomas)
 In-vitro growing Antibody producing B-cells normally die after several weeks in cell culture. Therefore, antibody-producing B cells are fused with B cell tumors called myelomas.
The capability of dividing indefinitely is a characteristic of myeloma cells, so these are called immortal cell lines. The immortal cell lines that result from the B-cell myeloma fusion are hybrid cell lines called hybridomas.


Therefore the correct answer is Option A.
Note: The hybridoma cell lines share the properties of both fusion partners. Hybridoma cells are grown indefinitely in vitro and produce antibodies. Hybridomas are selected by the use of the selective medium in which myeloma cells die, but hybridomas survive.