
How many moles of $N{O_2}$ will be formed by oxidation of 1 mole of ${I_2}$ by concentrated $HN{O_3}$?
A. 4
B. 6
C. 8
D. 10
Answer
458.7k+ views
Hint: Iodine is a heavy element and a non-metal. It is a solid halogen containing seven valence electrons. When iodine is treated with concentrated $HN{O_3}$, oxidation of iodine takes place. The products formed during the oxidation of ${I_2}$ by concentrated $HN{O_3}$ are iodic acid, nitrogen dioxide and water.
Complete step by step answer:
Here, we need to find out the number of moles produced of $N{O_2}$, when one mole of ${I_2}$ is oxidised by concentrated $HN{O_3}$.
Let us first have a look at the balanced chemical equation for the reaction of oxidation of one mole iodine by concentrated $HN{O_3}$.
${I_2} + 10HN{O_3} \to 2HI{O_3} + 10N{O_2} + 4{H_2}O$
From the above chemical equation, we can deduce that one mole of iodine is oxidised by 10 moles of concentrated $HN{O_3}$ to produce 2 moles of iodic acid, $HI{O_3}$, 10 moles of nitrogen dioxide, $N{O_2}$ and 4 moles of water.
Therefore, to oxidise one mole of ${I_2}$ we will require 10 moles of concentrated $HN{O_3}$ and it will produce 10 moles of $N{O_2}$.
So, the correct answer is D.
Additional information:
Nitric acid is an oxidising agent which can oxidise both metals and non-metals. It can oxidise metals to form soluble nitrate compounds. In concentrated form, it is a stronger oxidising agent than that of diluted form. Though most of the metals can get oxidised by $HN{O_3}$, gold and platinum are exceptions. The oxidising properties of $HN{O_3}$ can be enhanced by increase in pressure and temperature.
Note: The common misconception about oxidation of iodine by concentrated nitric acid is that iodine gets oxidised to form periodic acid, $HI{O_4}$. But, it is not true. The iodine gets oxidised to form iodic acid, $HI{O_3}$, though there are other non-metals getting oxidised to their highest oxidation state. The highest oxidation state of iodine is +7, but during oxidation by nitric acid, iodine gets oxidised to +5 state. The major reason for this is the behaviour of iodine atoms is that iodine acts as if it has only 5 valence electrons. Also, nitric acid is not strong enough to oxidise iodine to +7 state.
Complete step by step answer:
Here, we need to find out the number of moles produced of $N{O_2}$, when one mole of ${I_2}$ is oxidised by concentrated $HN{O_3}$.
Let us first have a look at the balanced chemical equation for the reaction of oxidation of one mole iodine by concentrated $HN{O_3}$.
${I_2} + 10HN{O_3} \to 2HI{O_3} + 10N{O_2} + 4{H_2}O$
From the above chemical equation, we can deduce that one mole of iodine is oxidised by 10 moles of concentrated $HN{O_3}$ to produce 2 moles of iodic acid, $HI{O_3}$, 10 moles of nitrogen dioxide, $N{O_2}$ and 4 moles of water.
Therefore, to oxidise one mole of ${I_2}$ we will require 10 moles of concentrated $HN{O_3}$ and it will produce 10 moles of $N{O_2}$.
So, the correct answer is D.
Additional information:
Nitric acid is an oxidising agent which can oxidise both metals and non-metals. It can oxidise metals to form soluble nitrate compounds. In concentrated form, it is a stronger oxidising agent than that of diluted form. Though most of the metals can get oxidised by $HN{O_3}$, gold and platinum are exceptions. The oxidising properties of $HN{O_3}$ can be enhanced by increase in pressure and temperature.
Note: The common misconception about oxidation of iodine by concentrated nitric acid is that iodine gets oxidised to form periodic acid, $HI{O_4}$. But, it is not true. The iodine gets oxidised to form iodic acid, $HI{O_3}$, though there are other non-metals getting oxidised to their highest oxidation state. The highest oxidation state of iodine is +7, but during oxidation by nitric acid, iodine gets oxidised to +5 state. The major reason for this is the behaviour of iodine atoms is that iodine acts as if it has only 5 valence electrons. Also, nitric acid is not strong enough to oxidise iodine to +7 state.
Recently Updated Pages
Master Class 11 Computer Science: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 11 Maths: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 11 Social Science: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 11 Physics: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 11 Chemistry: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 11 Biology: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Trending doubts
10 examples of friction in our daily life

One Metric ton is equal to kg A 10000 B 1000 C 100 class 11 physics CBSE

Difference Between Prokaryotic Cells and Eukaryotic Cells

State and prove Bernoullis theorem class 11 physics CBSE

What organs are located on the left side of your body class 11 biology CBSE

How many valence electrons does nitrogen have class 11 chemistry CBSE
