Question

Match column-I with column-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below.

	Column-I		Column-II
A.	Proliferative phase	I.	Testosterone
B.	Leydig cell	II.	Oestrogen
C.	Spermiogenesis	III.	Progesterone
D.	Secretory phase	IV.	Spermatid

A) A-II; B-I; C-IV; D-III
B) A-IV; B-II; C-III; D-I
C) A-IV; B-III; C-II; D-I
D) A-IV; B-III; C-I; D-II

Answer 1

Hint: The follicular or proliferative phase is the first stage of the menstrual cycle. Based on an average menstrual cycle length of 28 days, it happens from the first to the fourteenth day of the cycle. The length of the follicular phase varies, which leads to differences in the length of the menstrual cycle. Because increasing levels of estradiol (oestrogen) induce the uterine endometrial lining to proliferate and thicken, the follicular phase is sometimes referred to as the "proliferative phase."


Complete Step by Step Answer:
The luteal or secretory phase of the menstrual cycle comes after follicular phase. From cycle day 14 to day 28, this phase always takes place. The main hormone during this stage is progesterone induced by LH, which prepares the corpus luteum and endometrium for potential fertilised ovum implantation.
The main source of testosterone or androgens in males is the leydig cell. This physiology enables them to exert a significant influence over a variety of essential physiological processes in males, such as spermatogenesis, the control of sexual development, and the maintenance of secondary sexual traits and behaviours.
High quantities of androgen (testosterone or androstenedione, depending on the species) produced by foetal Leydig cells are necessary for the masculinization of the brain as well as the differentiating of the male genitalia.
Spermiogenesis is the process that haploid round spermatids go through in order to transform into streamlined, motile spermatozoa by way of an incredible chain of events. After spermatocytes successfully complete two swiftly following meiotic reductive divisions to create haploid round spermatids, spermiogenesis starts.
Hence, option A is the correct answer.

Note: During the secretory phase, ovulation takes place. The endometrium is secreting glycogen and glycoproteins at this period. This stage gets the uterus ready for conception.