Question

What kind of intermolecular forces are present in the following compounds:
\[CC{l_4},C{H_2}C{l_2},C{H_3}OH,C{O_2},SC{l_4}{\text{ and SC}}{{\text{l}}_6}\]?

Answer 1

Hint :There are certain forces that condense matter. These forces can be both bonding and nonbonding forces. The three state of matter depends upon the intermolecular forces operating between the molecule and the thermal energy of the molecules. They are weaker than intramolecular forces which exist between the molecules.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
Intermolecular forces are the physical force or just the interactions which act between the neighbouring bonded molecules. It has both repulsion and attraction forces, which hold the molecule together which are covalently bonded.
The attractive forces are called as van der Waals forces, which exist between polar as well as non-polar molecules.
It is of three type and additional is hydrogen bonding:
\[1.\]Dispersion force or London forces: associated with non-polar structures. For example; \[{H_2},{O_2}{\text{ and }}{{\text{N}}_2}\] also non polar monoatomic like\[He,Ne\]etc.
\[2.\]Dipole\[ - \]Dipole forces: it is associated with polar molecules. These have partially positive side and a partially negative side or a dipole.
\[3.\] Dipole\[ - \]Induced Dipole forces: between a polar and non-polar molecule.
\[4.\] Hydrogen bonding: special type of Dipole\[ - \]Dipole interaction. Examples are: \[N - H,H - F{\text{ and }}O - H{\text{ bonds}}\].
So,\[CC{l_4}\],\[SC{l_4}\] and\[C{O_2}\] even though polar but have London dispersion force, because the bond dipoles cancel out each other.
\[C{H_2}C{l_2}\] , is polar molecule and will have Dipole\[ - \]Dipole forces.
 \[C{H_3}OH\] , it has all four forces.
\[{\text{SC}}{{\text{l}}_6}\], is nonpolar and so has London dispersion force.

Note :
Molecules also exist repulsive forces on one another. When the molecule come very close to each other or just come in contact with each other, then repulsive forces operate between the electron clouds of the two molecules and between the nuclei of the two.