Question

Initial causes of ecological succession includes:
A. Climatic and biotic factors
B. Abiotic factors
C. Water vapours
D. Air precipitation

Answer 1

Hint:-Ecological succession is the gradual process by which ecosystems change and develop overtime. nothing remains the same and habitats are constantly changing. the species living in a particular place gradually changes over time as does the physical and chemical environment within the area.

Complete Answer:- Ecological succession is the process of change in the species structures of an ecological community over time. The time scale can be decades or even millions of years after a mass extinction. for example, after a wildfire. The main causes of ecological succession include the biotic and climate factors that can destroy the population of an area. wind, fire, soil erosion and natural disasters include the climatic factors.
Types: Primary succession: Succession dynamics beginning with colonization of an area has not been previously occupied by an ecological community, such as newly exposed rock or sand surfaces, lava flows, newly exposed glacial tills etc… are referred to as primary succession. The stages of primary succession include pioneer microorganisms, plants, grassy stages, smaller shrubs and trees. animals return when there is food there for them to eat. while it is a fully functioning ecosystem, it has reached the climax community stage.
Secondary succession: successional dynamics following severe disturbance or removal of a pre –existing community are called secondary succession. common types of secondary succession includes responses to natural disturbances such as fire, flood and severe winds and to human caused disturbance such as logging and agriculture. in secondary succession, the soils and organisms need to be left unharmed so there is a way for the new material to rebuild.

Note:- The actual species involved in a succession in a particular area are controlled by such factors as the geology and history of the area, the climate , microclimate, weather, soil type and other environmental factors.