Question

In the photoelectric effect, the stopping potential depends upon
A. frequency of incident light
B. nature of the emitter material
C. intensity of incident light
D. both A and B

Answer 1

Hint: Stopping potential is described as the potential needed to stop the ejection of electrons from a metal surface when an incident beam of energy greater than the work potential of metal is fallen on it.

Complete step by step answer:
First of all let us discuss the photoelectric effect. Photoelectric effect is the phenomenon in which electrically charged particles like electrons are emitted from or within a material when it absorbs electromagnetic radiation. The effect is sometimes defined as the ejection of electrons from a metal plate when the light falls on it. As per the wave theory of light, light of any frequency will result in electrons to be emitted. The more intense the light falls, then the more kinetic energy will be the emitted electrons having. Stopping potential needed to stop the electrons from this ejection.
The stopping potential is given by the formula,
$e{{V}_{s}}=\dfrac{hc}{\lambda }-\phi $
The stopping potential is varying with frequency of incident light. An increase in frequency of the incident light will increase the kinetic energy of the emitted electrons, therefore greater retarding potential is needed to stop them. And also stopping potential depends on the nature of material.

Therefore the correct answer is option D.

Note:
Einstein made the theory that the energy in each quantum of light was the same as the frequency of light multiplied by a constant, which is called Planck's constant. A photon above a threshold frequency is having the needed energy to eject a single electron, creating the observed effect.