Question

In diabetic patients, the pH of blood plasma can decrease leading to acidosis. This is because tissue catabolize
A. Amino acid leads to loss of buffering capacity of the blood.
B. Stored glycogen leading to the accumulation of pyruvic acid.
C. Stored fatty acids leading to the accumulation of beta- hydroxybutyric acid and acetoacetic acid.
D. Nucleic acid pooling leading to decrease in blood pH.

Answer 1

Hint: Diabetes is caused by the unregulated level of glucose in blood, which affects the other metabolic activity of the body. Basically, blood glucose level is maintained by the hormone known as glucagon and insulin both are secreted by the pancreatic cells called alpha and beta cells respectively.

Complete answer:
The increasing in acidity of blood plasma is characterized as acidosis. It is also found in other parts body. This situation occur when body form too much acid and not excreting enough acid out of the body. Diabetes mellitus is known as Diabetic ketoacidosis. Which arises due to lack of insulin, which leads to elevation of glucose in blood. The absence of insulin also release the free fatty acid from adipose tissue by lipolysis and change by process called Beta-oxidation, in liver into the ketone bodies (acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate). Due to absence of Insulin, beta-hydroxybutyrate serve as energy source during starvation. Thus ketone bodies have low pKa that turn blood acidic.

DKA (diabetic ketoacidosis) is basically, common is type 1 diabetes mellitus disease, which is characterized by absolute absence of insulin which is produced by islet of Langerhans. In case of diabetes mellitus type 2 disease, insulin is present but not in sufficient amounts.

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is identified from other diabetes due to presence of large concentrations of ketone body in blood and urine which is metabolic acidosis.

Hence, the correct answer is option (C).

Note: Diabetes is of two types that is name as diabetes mellitus which is characterized by lack of insulin production or insufficient amount in body, while in case of diabetes insipidus is caused by the deficiency of ADH hormone and do not form ketone body but produce enormous amount of urine.