Question

In both commensalism and amensalism only one species benefits and the interaction is detrimental to the other species
a. True
b. False

Answer 1

Hint: Biological interaction is the effect that a pair of organisms cohabitation in an exceedingly community have on one another. It will be intraspecific or interspecific interactions. These effects could also be short-term, like pollination and predation, or long-term; both often strongly influence the evolution of the species involved. Interactions are often indirect, through intermediaries like shared resources or common enemies. This sort of relationship will be shown by net effect supported individual effects on both organisms arising out of the relationship.

Complete answer:
Let us know what is commensalism and amensalism in detail.
> Commensalism benefits one organism and the other organism is neither benefited or harmed. It occurs when one organism takes benefits by interacting with another organism by which the host organism is not affected.
- Commensal relationships involve one organism using another for transportation or for housing, or it may also involve one organism using something other created, after its death (metabiosis).

Examples of commensal relationships:
Example of a commensal is the remora that rides attached to sharks and other fishes. Remoras have a flat oval sucking disk structure that adheres to the bodies of their hosts. Both remoras and pilot fishes feed on the leftovers of their hosts’ meals.

> Amensalism describes the adverse effect that one organism has on another organism. This is often a unidirectional process supporting the discharge of a selected compound by one organism that contains a negative effect on another. There are two styles of amensalism, competition and antagonism. Competition is where a bigger or stronger organism deprives a smaller or weaker one from a resource. Antagonism occurs when one organism is broken or killed by another through a chemical secretion.

Example of amensalism:
When cattle trample on grass, the grass is crushed. However, the cattle don't like this action neither is harmed within the process. When an organism like a goat feeds on the identical style of shrub as an insect (such as a beetle). The goat is unharmed when it consumes the shrub, however, the beetle loses significant quantities of food and will accidentally be eaten by the goat. This mode of amensalism is called competition.

An example of antibiosis is that the interaction between Penicillium and bacteria. The mould Penicillium creates the secretion called penicillin, which is extremely toxic to bacteria. This finding formed the premise for the primary true antibiotic – called penicillin.

Therefore, in commensalism, one species gets benefitted and the other is neither harmed nor benefitted. In amensalism, one species gets harmed and the other is neither harmed nor benefitted.

Hence, The correct answer is option (B).

Note: The interactions of an organism with its environment are vital to its survival, and therefore the functioning of the ecosystem as an entire. An ecosystem consists of the relationships among smaller groups of organisms with one another, and with their environment.
Symbiosis is often described as various sorts of close relationships between organisms of various species whereas; competition is as an interaction between organisms or species for the identical resources in an environment.