Question

In Batesian mimicry, one species resembles another, poisonous species. I. Poisonous species is more common than mimic II. Poisonous species is present in the same area as mimic III. Poisonous species compete for resources with mimic IV. Poisonous species is distinctly or brightly colored. The effectiveness of Batesian mimicry can be increased by
(A) I and II
(B) l, ll and III
(C) I, II, and IV
(D) ll, lll, and IV
(E) l, ll, lll and IV

Answer 1

Hint: Batesian mimicry is one of the most studied for its mimicry complexes such that this word mimicry is treated as synonymous with Batesian mimicry. There are many other forms available, some are very similar in principle and others are far separated. It is often grouped with Mullerian mimicry which is a form of mutually beneficial convergence between more than two harmful species.

Complete answer:The coevolution of mimicry is another type of coevolution among prey species subject to common predators. Usually, two common types of imitation are distinguished. The fusion of palatable mimic species into distasteful models refers to Batesian mimicry. Predators learn to avoid such prey shape and color patterns that they have encountered as distasteful and may benefit from this aversion by mimicking those patterns.
The monarch butterfly larvae, Danaus plexippus, almost exclusively feed on milkweed from which cardiac glycosides are sequestered. In the adult, these toxic compounds are retained and vertebrate predators soon learn to avoid monarch adults and Limenitis archippus, the more palatable mimetic viceroy butterfly.
A variant on Batesian mimicry is provided by cleaner fish. In the Pacific coral reefs, many fish allow cleaner fish to feed on parasites on their bodies and even within their mouths, such as sea swallows (Labroides dimidiatus).
The white-and-black-striped coloration and swimming pattern of Labroides are imitated by the saber-toothed blenny (Aspidontus taeniatus). It may approach fish and bite off pieces of tissue by taking advantage of the fish's passive actions towards the model.
Hence the correct option is C, I, II, and IV.

Note: In order to make predators avoid them, Batesian mimicry refers to the similarity of a harmless or palatable species to that of a dangerous or unpalatable one. To mimic predators, a more common and different poisonous species present in the same region as mimic become recognizable and thus increase the efficacy of mimicry. Competition can damage any of them between mimic and poisonous organisms, whereas mimicry is an adaptation for mimic defense.