Question

Identify the correct conclusion regarding the given statements.
(i) There are patterns in the fossil record that suggest other species have diverged from a single ancestor species.
(ii) There are biogeographic patterns in the distribution of species, for instance, distinct bird species on an island tend to resemble one another, suggesting a common ancestor.
(iii) There are common stages in the early embryological development of organisms representing several distinct vertebrate groups.
(iv) Anatomical structures, such as forelimbs, in different groups appear to be modified versions of structures that might have been present in a common ancestor.

(A) These are examples of a macroevolutionary process.
(B) They are the evidence for Lamarck's theory of inheritance
(C) They are the evidence for darwin’s theory of common descent.
(D) They are examples of natural selection which occurs within the population, whereas artificial selection does not occur.

Answer 1

Hint: The preserved remains, or traces of remains, of extinct animals are called fossils. The remains of the organism itself are not fossils! They're stones. A full organism or only a portion of one can be preserved as a fossil.
Step by step solution: Studying patterns on the tree of life above the species level is a part of macroevolution, as is determining the processes that are likely to have caused these patterns. In order to provide a more full understanding of the evolutionary history of primates, macroevolutionary thinking is helpful. Typically, the term "macroevolution" refers to the evolution of broad-scale features and structures that greatly exceed the intraspecific diversity found in microevolution. Macroevolution, then, is the evolution of taxa above the species level. Macroevolution is evolution at a level higher than species. It emphasizes the growth of entire groupings. Tetrapods, which are animals having four limbs, are an illustration of one such group. Fossils, geologic information, and contemporary organisms can all be studied to find proof of macroevolution.
Lamarck claimed that organisms changed how they behaved in response to environmental change. Their altered behaviour caused their organs to undergo modification, which their progeny inherited. The first was the concept of use versus disuse; he proposed that people lose traits they do not need or use and acquire traits that are advantageous. The second was to assert the heritability of the acquired qualities. He established the law of use and disuse, according to which when particular organs are uniquely developed as a result of a necessity in the environment, that state of development is hereditary and can be passed on to offspring.
According to Darwin, evolution is the process through which species change over time, give rise to new species, and descend from a single ancestor. Natural selection is the theory behind evolution put forth by Charles Darwin. The most accurate scientific theory for how modern species evolved is the common descent theory. Strong and diverse evidence supports this hypothesis over a wide range of topics. It highlights the interconnectedness of all species on earth and helps us comprehend human DNA and disease.
Hence, option (C) is correct.
Note: One of science's most thoroughly supported theories is the theory of evolution. It is backed up by data from a wide range of scientific fields, including genetics, which demonstrates that DNA from various animals is comparable.