Question

What is the hybridization state of carbon in carbon dioxide?

Answer 1

Hint :In valence bond theory, orbital hybridisation (or hybridization) is the concept of combining atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals (with different energies, shapes, and other properties than the component atomic orbitals) suitable for electron pairing to form chemical bonds. Hybrid orbitals are symmetrically disposed in space and are useful in explaining molecular geometry and atomic bonding properties. Hybrid orbitals are usually created by combining atomic orbitals with similar energies.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
In valence bond theory, orbital hybridisation (or hybridization) is the concept of combining atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals (with different energies, shapes, and other properties than the component atomic orbitals) suitable for electron pairing to form chemical bonds. Hybrid orbitals are symmetrically disposed in space and are useful in explaining molecular geometry and atomic bonding properties. Hybrid orbitals are usually created by combining atomic orbitals with similar energies.
Carbon dioxide is an acidic, colourless gas with a density that is around 53% that of dry air. A carbon atom is covalently double bonded to two oxygen atoms in a carbon dioxide molecule. It is found as a trace gas in the Earth's atmosphere.
We'll start with the carbon atom to figure out how carbon dioxide hybridised. There are two effective pairs or double bonds in the carbon atom. However, this is insufficient to form oxygen bonds. Following that, one electron from the 2s orbital transfers from the 2s level to the 2p level, resulting in the creation of two hybrid orbitals. The carbon atom's sp hybridised orbitals now overlap with two p orbitals of oxygen atoms to form two sigma bonds. The two p electrons that remain will be used to form a pi bond.
Two of the carbon atom's sp hybridised orbitals overlap with two of the oxygen atom's p orbitals to form two sigma bonds, whereas the other two carbon electrons are involved in pi – pi bonding with the oxygen atom.

Note :
Carbon dioxide is an acidic, colourless gas with a density that is around 53% that of dry air. A carbon atom is covalently double bonded to two oxygen atoms in a carbon dioxide molecule. It is found as a trace gas in the Earth's atmosphere.