Question

What happens when following compounds react:
\[P{H_4}I + NaOH\]
A.$P{H_3}$
B.$N{H_3}$
C.${P_4}{O_6}$
D.${P_4}{O_{10}}$

Answer 1

Hint:In order to solve this question we will see the reaction how it is performed and what the products and the byproducts are formed then we will check for the first element of this group what it forms on reaction with sodium hydroxide.

Complete step-by-step answer:For solving these types of problems we will first see what is actually happening in this reaction then we will see it with the help of reaction and finally we will analyze the final product.
So let me tell you that the reactants are phosphonium and sodium hydroxide and on heating these we get phosphine gas, water and sodium iodide.
According to the reaction:
$P{H_4}I + NaOH \to P{H_3} + {H_2}O + NaI$
So this is the complete reaction of the above half reaction according to which the correct answer is phosphine gas.

Additional information:Here is some information about the phosphine gas:
Phosphine (IUPAC name: phosphane) is a colourless, flammable, very toxic gas compound with the chemical formula $P{H_3}$, classed as a pnictogen hydride. Pure phosphine is odourless, but technical grade samples have a highly unpleasant odour like rotting fish, due to the presence of substituted phosphine and diphosphane$({P_2}{H_4})$. With traces of $({P_2}{H_4})$ present, $P{H_3}$ is spontaneously flammable in air (pyrophoric), burning with a luminous flame.
Phosphine is also the general name given to the class of organophosphorus compounds of substituted phosphines—a class of phosphates in which the hydrogen atoms have been replaced with organic derivatives, having a general formula $P{H_3}$. Organophosphines are important in catalysts where they complex (adhere) to various metal ions; complexes derived from a chiral phosphine can catalyse reactions to give chiral, enantioenriched products.

So the correct option is A.

Note:While solving these types of problems we should always take all the possible reactions that are possible on the given information and try to recall it in such a way that the reaction is taking place. Have a full explanation of that reaction and then decide the final answer.