Question

What will happen if one kidney is removed from the body of the human being?
A)Death due to poisoning
B)Uremia and death
C)Stoppage of urination
D)The person will survive and remain normal. The other kidney will become hypertrophied.

Answer 1

Hint: Kidney is an important organ for excretion and osmoregulation. It removes urea, certain salts, and water from our body in the form of urine. It helps in maintaining the normal blood pressure of our body. The kidneys are two in number.

Complete answer:
To solve this question we must know the function of the kidney in our body.
Kidney is a bean shaped excretory organ in our body which filters out excess urea, salt, and other metabolic wastes from our body. The structural and functional unit of Kidney is the nephron. It is responsible for the filtration, reabsorption of the wastes. This helps in maintaining the blood pressure of our body.

If one kidney is removed as given in the question-
Death due to poisoning will not occur as the other kidney is present which will function efficiently in filtering waste.
Uremia and death- Uremia is a dangerous condition which is caused due to the excess accumulation of urea. This happens when the kidney is not functioning. The presence of one kidney will filter out enough urea and produce urine so that the metabolites are not accumulated in our body.
With one kidney a person can still lead a normal life. The one kidney grows larger, faster and hypertrophied (increases in size) and functions effectively as two kidneys.

Hence, the correct answer is option (D)

Note: The effects on surviving with one kidney are very mild and the person is considered healthy and leads a normal life. He can have high blood pressure in later stages of life. A person can survive without a kidney by the help of dialysis.