Question

Genes located on mitochondrial DNA bring about
A. Paternal inheritance
B. Maternal inheritance
C. Biparental inheritance
D. There is no inheritance

Answer 1

Hint: Mitochondrial DNA a small circular chromosome present inside mitochondria. These organelles are present cells which are often called the powerhouse of the cell. The mitochondria, and mitochondrial DNA, are passed from mother to offspring with the help of egg cells.

Complete answer:
A. Paternal inheritance- Paternal inheritance known as the transmission of the gene from father to his offspring. Most paternally inherited traits are explained by the inheritance of genes, contributed by the male parent, and expressed in his progeny.

B. Maternal inheritance- two organelles comprises DNA and control certain traits of the offspring. Phenotypes that are controlled by nuclear factors are found in the cytoplasm of the female are said to show a maternal effect. These phenotypes are controlled by organelle genes that exhibit maternal inheritance.

C. Biparental inheritance- Normal mendelian inheritance, is called when the progeny inherits a maternal and a paternal allele. A type of extranuclear inheritance in both parents contributes organellar DNA to the progeny, in biparental mitochondrial inheritance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae which is a yeast.

D. There is no inheritance- No characters are transmitted from parents to offspring. Offspring is totally different from their parents.

Thus the correct answer is option B maternal inheritance.

Note: The nuclear genes bring about Mendelian biparental genetic inheritance but the genes present in chloroplast and mitochondria beings cytoplasmic inheritance. A biparental inheritance shows Mendelian inheritance where offspring inherits a maternal and a paternal allele. Cytoplasmic inheritance is called the process of transmission of genes, outside of the nucleus. The cytoplasmic organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts handle these traits.