Question

Extranuclear inheritance cytoplasmic inheritance is a consequence of presence of genes in
A) Ribosomes and chloroplast
B) Lysosomes and ribosomes
C) Mitochondria and chloroplasts
D) Endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria

Answer 1

Hint:
The transmission of the genes that occur outside the nucleus are the extra nuclear and cytoplasmic inheritance. It is known to occur cytoplasmic organelles such as chloroplasts and mitochondria that present most of the eukaryotes. Plastids present in only the plants but mitochondria present in both plants and animals.

Complete step by step answer:
In the cellular respiration mitochondria are the organelle which function to transfer the energy produced by sugar ,photosynthesis in the plants. During the cell division the extranuclear genome of the chloroplast and mitochondria replicate independently. The replication helps to increase energy during the lifespan of the cell. Mitochondrial disease is always inherited from the mother in the offspring because mitochondrial DNA is already present in the egg before it gets fertilized by the sperm. The zygote in which the mitochondrial DNA of the sperm often remains outside and gets excluded from the inheritance. There are three types of extranuclear inheritance such as vegetative segregation, uniparental inheritance and parental inheritance. The one given example is the extra nuclear inheritance such as eukaryotes and commonly occur in the chloroplast and mitochondria from cellular parasites like bacteria and viruses and fungus.
DNA and RNA is the genetic material that carries information from one generation to another. Apart from the genetic material in the nucleus, the chloroplast also contributes to the inheritance of some characters. Characters are cytoplasmic inheritance characters and this phenomenon is called as cytoplasmic inheritance it is also called the nuclear inheritance comma because in this type of inheritance. The factor lies outside the nucleus of the cell. The cytoplasm contains various cell organelles including mitochondria and chloroplast and are regarded as semi autonomous as they contain their own genetic material that is DNA . Hence, cytoplasmic inheritance involves Inheritance of mitochondrial DNA and /or chloroplast DNA.
Thus, the answer is option C:Mitochondria and chloroplasts.

Note:
Extranuclear or cytoplasmic DNA located in two types of organelles that have a small circular chromosome is found in the cytoplasm of the cell. With the help of chloroplast and mitochondria located genes help for proper cellular function.