Question

Dwarfism results due to deficiency of which hormone?
a. Follicle stimulating hormone
b. Gonadotropin releasing hormone
c. Growth hormone
d. Thyroxin

Answer 1

Hint: Growth hormone (GH) or somatotropin is a hormone designated to stimulate growth and cell division in the body. This hormone is produced in the pituitary gland, which is located at the base of the brain, and then released into the blood.

Complete answer:
Dwarfism is a condition in which the body is not able to secrete enough growth hormone. Another name for dwarfism is pituitary dwarfism. It is more commonly seen in children. Symptoms include shortened arms and legs, a short neck, broad, rounded chest, slightly flattened cheekbones, slow growth pattern and unusually small stature (below average height). It is also characterised by a small but well proportioned body and sexual immaturity. The dwarfs produced by the deficiency of growth hormone are different from those which are formed by deficiency of thyroid hormone in having normal intelligence.

Among the given options:
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates growth of ovarian follicles and their secretion of oestrogens in the female, and spermatogenesis (formation of sperms) in the male.
Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulates the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland to secrete two gonadotropic hormones namely follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).
Thyroxine (T4) is one of the two major hormones secreted by the thyroid gland. Its main function is to stimulate the consumption of oxygen and thus the metabolism of all cells and tissues in the body. Hyposecretion of thyroid hormone causes cretinism in infants in which slow body as well as mental growth occur.

So, the correct answer is option C.

Note:Dwarfism or Growth Hormone Deficiency (GHD) can be present at birth (congenital) or develop later (acquired). The condition happens if the pituitary gland makes too little growth hormone. It can be also due to genetic defects, severe brain injury or being born without a pituitary gland.