Question

Who discovered Endoplasmic Reticulum?
a. Porter
b. Altman
c. Golgi
d. Benda

Answer 1

Hint: This organelle is present in most eukaryotic cells, forming an interconnected network of flattened, membrane-enclosed sacs known as cisternae, and tubular structures. Its membranes and the outer nuclear membrane are continuous.

Complete answer:
> Option A is correct. The endoplasmic reticulum is among the most fascinating and intriguing organelles. It is present in all eukaryotic cells and performs extremely many different functions. The organelle was named in 1953 by Keith Porter based on observations made on tissue culture cells using the electron microscope.

> Option B is incorrect. Sidney Altman was a Canadian American molecular biologist who won the 1989 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for their discoveries of RNA or ribonucleic acid catalytic properties. In 1978, Sidney Altman was studying an enzyme extracted from the E. coli bacteria capable of cleaving RNA. This enzyme was a mixture of protein and RNA. He found that the enzyme lost its cleavage capacity if the protein replaced the RNA.

> Option C is incorrect. Camillo Golgi first recorded in 1898 the presence of the cell organelle, now known as Golgi apparatus or Golgi complex, or simply as 'the Golgi,' when he identified an 'internal reticular apparatus' impregnated by a variant of its chromogenic staining in nerve cells. They are primarily responsible for the conveyance, alteration, and packing of proteins and lipids into vesicles for distribution to target destinations.

> Option D is incorrect. Carl Benda was one of the first microbiologists who examined the internal structure of cells using a microscope. He first became aware of the presence of hundreds of these tiny bodies in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells and believed that in an experiment of 1898 they improved the cell structure by using crystal violet as a peculiar stain.

Hence, The correct answer is option (A).

Note: The endoplasmic reticulum performs many general roles, like folding protein molecules into sacs called cisternae and transporting synthesized proteins to the Golgi apparatus in vesicles. Several endoplasmic reticulum chaperone proteins make the proper folding of newly formed proteins possible.