Question

Differentiate the following activities on the basis of (a) voluntary (V) or (b) involuntary (IV) muscles.
i) Jumping of frog
ii) Pumping of the heart
iii) Writing with hand
iv) Movement of chocolate in your intestine
a. (i)→ (a), (ii) → (b), (iii) → (a), (iv) → (b)
b. (i)→ (b), (ii) → (a), (iii) → (b), (iv) → (a)
c. (i)→ (a), (ii) → (a), (iii) → (b), (iv) → (b)
d. (i)→ (b), (ii) → (b), (iii) → (a), (iv) → (a)

Answer 1

Hint: The voluntary muscles are those which are under the direct influence of the brain and their working can be controlled by the influence of the brain. However, the muscles which are beyond the control of humans are called involuntary muscles.

Complete Answer
The jumping of frogs is brought about by the voluntary muscles of the frog’s legs. When the frog requires a jump, its brain signals the legs of the frog to take a leap which enables it to take a jump. Hence, it is a voluntary action.
The heart muscles are the ones which work continuously, throughout the lifespan of an individual. These muscles continue to work even in the sleep time of the individuals which make them involuntary muscles as they can never be controlled by the individuals.
Writing is a human exclusive process which is largely done under the influence of the brain. It is the human choice to write or not write and is completely under his will that writing will occur by his hands. Henec, it is a voluntary action.
The movement of chocolate in our intestine takes place by peristalsis which is a never ending phenomenon. The food, be it chocolate or bread or anything else has to move continuously until it is digested without any influence of the human will power. Hence, it is an involuntary action.

Therefore, from the above statements and reasoning, we can say that option A is the correct answer.

Note:
The cardiac muscles work as involuntary muscles but have a structure of voluntary muscles. They are found in the heart of animals and are one of the strongest muscles of the body which receive oxygenated blood via the coronary arteries.