Question

Differentiate between cross-breeding and out-crossing.

Answer 1

Hint: Breeding of animals is an important aspect of animal husbandry. Animal breeding aims at increasing the yield of animals and improving the desirable qualities of products. Breeding can be done within the same breed which does not have any common ancestor or between two superior traits of different breeds.
Complete answer:
Breeding is used to getting the desirable qualities of products. A breed may be a group of animals related by descent and similar in most characters like general appearance. methods of outbreeding are, cross-breeding and outcrossing.

Out- Crossing	Cross- Breeding
This is a practice of mating of animals within the same breed, but having no common ancestors on either side of their pedigree for up to 4- 6 generations.	In this method, superior males of a breed are mated with superior females of another breed.
The offspring of such a mating is known as an outcross. It is the best breeding method for animals that are below average in milk productivity, the growth rate in beef cattle, etc.	This method allows the desirable qualities of two different breeds to be combined.
It helps to improve inbreeding depression.	It is used to develop a new superior breed.

Additional Information:
- Karan swiss: This breed has been evolved by breeding the Sahiwal cows with the semen of Brown Swiss bulls imported from the U.S.A. - Sunandini: This breed originated in Kerala by crossing the local non- descript cattle with Jersey, Brown Swiss, and Holstein- Friesian breeds.

Note:
- The progeny hybrid animals may themselves be used for commercial purposes. - They may be subjected to some form of inbreeding and selection process to develop new stable breeds that may be superior to the existing breeds.