Question

Describe the process of neutralization with the help of an example.

Answer 1

Hint: The word neutralization stands for the effect of chemicals or particles on each other that nullifies or vanishes their individual chemical properties of each other. So the resulting chemical solution will have no effective chemical properties.

Complete step by step answer:
1) Neutralization is the process of cancelling the chemical properties of each other resulting in the solution which has no chemical properties.
2) This process is seen mainly in the reactions of acid and base, where acid and base neutralize each other by forming water and salts.
3) They involve the combination of hydrogen ions and hydroxyl ions to form the water molecules.
4) For the neutralization of strong acid, only a strong base is used but for weak acid neutralization, a weak base is never used and vice-versa. The neutralization of strong acid and a strong base will result in the $pH$ solution equal to $7$ which is neutral.
5) Example of neutralization reaction:
$HCl + NaOH \to NaCl + {H_2}O$
In the above reaction, the acid and base are reacted to give products like salt and water. This reaction is complete due to an indication of $ \to $ i.e. forward arrow.
6) In the titration of acid and base, the neutralization point is also called the equivalent point where the number of acidic ions and the number of basic ions are the same.
Additional information: Chemical neutralization methods are widely used in the chemical industry for analyzing acids or bases to determine the unknown concentration. In the process of wastewater treatment, chemical neutralization methods are usually applied to minimize the damage of an effluent which may cause hazards upon release to the environmental surroundings.

Note:
A reaction in an aqueous medium neutralization reaction results in the no excess number of hydrogen or hydroxide ions present in the solution. A neutralization reaction is a type of exothermic reaction i.e. heat is evolved during the reaction.