
Define homologous chromosomes.
Answer
457.2k+ views
Hint: Chromosomes are defined as the long molecules having some or all the genetic material of an organism. It is usually the package of DNA found in the nucleus of a cell. Chromosomes contain genetic information to carry from one generation to another.
Complete answer:
Homologous chromosomes – Homologous chromosomes are defined as a set or pair or chromosome which offspring received and got from its parent one from the maternal parents and one from the paternal parent. Both the chromosomes of maternal and paternal parents combine and link with each other during the time and process of fertilization.
Centromere - Centromere is defined as a specialized DNA sequence of a chromosome which attaches a pair of sister chromatids. During mitosis or meiosis, the spindle fibres get attached and linked to the centromere through kinetochore. The function of the centrosome is to behave as the site of assembly of the kinetochore.
Kinetochore - Kinetochore is defined as a disc shaped protein structure. Kinetochore is a place and site where the spindle fibres get attached during the cell division in order to pull sister chromatids apart.
Synaptonemal complex - Synaptonemal complex is defined as a protein structure which occurs between the homologous chromosomes during meiosis. This complex helps the synapsis and recombination process at the time of meiosis 1 in eukaryotic organisms.
Sister chromatids - Sister chromatids are defined as the identical copies of a chromosome that are developed by the DNA replication. Both the sister chromatids are connected together at the centromere. A pair of sister chromatids is termed as dyad.
Note: Without the presence of chromosomes, crossing over is not possible. If crossing over does not take place, then there will be no variation in the species. Chromosomes constitute genes in the beaded form. And genes are defined as the unit of inheritance which are responsible for the passage of characters from one generation to the next generation.
Complete answer:
Homologous chromosomes – Homologous chromosomes are defined as a set or pair or chromosome which offspring received and got from its parent one from the maternal parents and one from the paternal parent. Both the chromosomes of maternal and paternal parents combine and link with each other during the time and process of fertilization.
Centromere - Centromere is defined as a specialized DNA sequence of a chromosome which attaches a pair of sister chromatids. During mitosis or meiosis, the spindle fibres get attached and linked to the centromere through kinetochore. The function of the centrosome is to behave as the site of assembly of the kinetochore.
Kinetochore - Kinetochore is defined as a disc shaped protein structure. Kinetochore is a place and site where the spindle fibres get attached during the cell division in order to pull sister chromatids apart.
Synaptonemal complex - Synaptonemal complex is defined as a protein structure which occurs between the homologous chromosomes during meiosis. This complex helps the synapsis and recombination process at the time of meiosis 1 in eukaryotic organisms.
Sister chromatids - Sister chromatids are defined as the identical copies of a chromosome that are developed by the DNA replication. Both the sister chromatids are connected together at the centromere. A pair of sister chromatids is termed as dyad.
Note: Without the presence of chromosomes, crossing over is not possible. If crossing over does not take place, then there will be no variation in the species. Chromosomes constitute genes in the beaded form. And genes are defined as the unit of inheritance which are responsible for the passage of characters from one generation to the next generation.
Recently Updated Pages
Master Class 11 Accountancy: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Express the following as a fraction and simplify a class 7 maths CBSE

The length and width of a rectangle are in ratio of class 7 maths CBSE

The ratio of the income to the expenditure of a family class 7 maths CBSE

How do you write 025 million in scientific notatio class 7 maths CBSE

How do you convert 295 meters per second to kilometers class 7 maths CBSE

Trending doubts
10 examples of friction in our daily life

One Metric ton is equal to kg A 10000 B 1000 C 100 class 11 physics CBSE

Difference Between Prokaryotic Cells and Eukaryotic Cells

State and prove Bernoullis theorem class 11 physics CBSE

What organs are located on the left side of your body class 11 biology CBSE

Write down 5 differences between Ntype and Ptype s class 11 physics CBSE
