Question

Common bottle cork is product of-
a. Xylem
b. Dermatogen
c. Phellogen
d. Vascular cambium

Answer 1

Hint: The meristematic cell layer that is responsible for formation of the periderm. The inner tissues in dicotyledonous stems and roots are formed to create them. It's one of the many bark layers in between cork and the core phloem.

Complete answer:
> Option A is incorrect. Xylem is the vascular plant's specialised tissue that delivers water and nutrients to stems and leaves from the plant-soil interface, and provides mechanical support and storage. It is one of the two transportation tissue types in vascular plants, the other being phloem.

> Option B is incorrect. Dermatogen is the external primary meristem of a part of a plant that naturally leads to epidermis according to the theory of histogen. Within plants, the outer layer of cells of the principal formative tissue (promeristem) in the emerging root tips is thick (without intercellular spaces).

> Option C is correct. Phellogen is the source of a traditional cork in a bottle. Phellogen develops cork, or Phellem, on the outer side. It consists of rectangular cells, dead and compactly organised, which have walls of suberized cells. Tannins are found in the cork cells. The purpose of cork cambium, a tough protective material, is to produce cork. It is one of the meristems of the plant-the collection of tissues from which the plant develops consisting of embryonic disc (incompletely distinguished) cells.

> Option D is incorrect. The vascular cambium and cork cambium are secondary meristems formed in stems and roots after separation of the tissues of the primary plant body. Increasing the diameter of stems and roots and creating woody tissue is responsible for the vascular cambium.

Hence, the correct answer is option (C).

Note: The cork cambium is a lateral meristem and is known for secondary growth in roots and stems that replaces the epidermis. It is found in woody dicots, gymnosperms and some monocots (monocots typically lack secondary growth) and many herbal dicots.