Question

How do chemical bonds affect metabolism?

Answer 1

Hint: Metabolism is a word collectively used for all the chemical reactions taking place in the cells and body, and chemical reactions involve the breaking and forming of bonds.

Complete step by step answer:
Metabolism is the set of life sustaining chemical reactions in organisms. The three main purposes of metabolism are: the conversion of food to energy to run cellular processes, the conversion of food to building blocks for protein, lipids, nucleic acids and some carbohydrates, and the elimination of metabolic wastes.
The chemical reaction of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical in transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, each step being fartiliterad by enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organism to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy.
Living organisms use two major types of energy storage. Energy rich molecules such as glycogen and triglycerides store energy in the form of covalent bonds. Cells synthesize such molecules and store them for later use of the energy.
The ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) molecule can store energy in the form of a high energy phosphate bond joining the terminal phosphate group to the rest of the molecule. In this form energy can be stored at one location, then moved from one part of the cell to another, where it can be released to drive other biochemical reactions.
Chemical bonds play an important role in the world of biology. A chemical bond is an attraction between atoms due to sharing of electrons between atoms or a complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another. There are three types of chemical bonds i.e. ionic, covalent and polar covalent.

Additional Information:
Metabolic reaction may be categorized as(1) catabolic the breaking down of compounds. Example: breaking down of compounds of glucose the pyruvate by cellular respiration.
(2) Anabolic: The building up of compounds such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids.
Most of the structures that make up animals, plants and microbes are made from four basic classes of molecules: amino acids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids and lipids. As these molecules are vital for life, metabolic reactions either focus on making these molecules during the construction of cells and tissues or by breaking them down and using them as a source of energy, by their digestion. These biochemicals can be joined together to make polymers such as DNA and proteins essential macromolecules of life.

Note: Proteins are made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain joined together by peptide bonds. Lipids are usually defined as hydrophobic or amphipathic biological molecules will dissolve in organic solvents such as alcohol, benzene or chloroform. Carbohydrates are aldehydes or ketones, with many hydroxyl groups attached that can exist as straight chains or rings. The two nucleic acids DNA and RNA are polymers of nucleotides. Each nucleotide is composed of a phosphate attached to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar group which is attached to a nitrogenous base. Nucleic acids are critical for the storage and use of genetic information and its interpretation through the process of transcription and protein biosynthesis.