Question

How do cathode rays differ from anode rays?

Answer 1

Hint: William Crookes was the one who discovered cathode rays and anode rays on the Crookes-Hittorf tube. Generally cathode rays are referred to as electrons and anode rays are protons. Cathode rays are produced at the cathode which is the positive side.

Complete step by step answer:
In the experiment of William Crooke, Faraday found a dark space in front of a cathode which did not have luminescence. When more air was pumped, the dark space moved from cathode to anode, thereby the tube became fully dark.
Thus it was concluded that when the air was pumped, the electrons moved in straight lines from cathode to anode. These were referred to as the cathode rays. After reaching the anode, it moved after the anode and hit the back of the tube wall. This caused fluorescence to occur. Later, J J Thomson made the conclusion that the cathode rays are negative and referred to them as electrons.
One similarity of cathode rays and anode rays is that both move in straight lines. But the particles in cathode rays are negatively charged and they are electrons while those in anode rays are positively charged and they are protons.
When the cathode rays are passed through the electric field, they bend towards anode and anode rays bend towards the cathode.

Note: The table given below represents more differences between cathode rays and anode rays.

Cathode rays	Anode rays
Produce mechanical effects	Do not produce mechanical effects
Charge by mass ratio is same for all gases	Charge by mass ratio is different
Attracted to positive plates	Attracted to negative plates